NZ Property Title Terms Glossary
Short answer
This glossary explains common New Zealand property title terms and points to the document usually needed to check each one.
Core terms
- Record of Title
- The current title record for a property. Usually the starting point for ownership, title reference and registered interests.
- Instrument
- A registered document behind an entry on the title, such as a covenant, easement or consent notice.
- Covenant
- A registered rule or obligation affecting land. Check the title first, then order the instrument for full terms.
- Easement
- A right affecting land, often for access or services. The title may list it; an instrument or plan may explain details.
- Cadastral Survey Plan
- A plan document used for parcel/lot context and survey references.
- Legal Owner
- The registered owner shown in property title records.
- Caveat
- A registered notice of a claimed interest. Treat it as a red flag for professional review.
FAQ
What document should I order first for a New Zealand property?
For most checks, start with a Record of Title Current with Diagram. It confirms the current title record, legal description, registered interests and diagram information.
How do I read the full terms of a covenant or easement?
If the title lists an instrument number for a covenant, easement, consent notice or other interest, order the Instruments Document to read the full terms.
Is this legal advice?
No. Certificate of Title provides property document search products and general guidance, not legal advice.